Analytical Chemiluminescence/Hypohalites and halates

B12. Hypohalites and halates

百度　　会议指出，党的十九届二中全会专题研究宪法修改，充分体现了以习近平同志为核心的党中央全面推进依法治国、依宪治国的坚定决心，坚持不懈解放思想、与时俱进、开拓创新的政治品格和使命担当。

Chemiluminescence reactions involving hypohalites and related oxidants have been exploited for a wide variety^[1] of analytical applications, primarily for the determination of free chlorine, halides and a variety of compounds in pharmaceutical preparations and natural waters. Proposed mechanisms of the light-producing pathways are insufficiently supported by spectroscopic evidence but, where emission spectra are known, large differences show that numerous different emitters are involved. A deeper understanding of the light-producing pathways and hence the relationship between analyte structure and chemiluminescence intensity is required.

Two examples of the use of halates in chemiluminescence will now be mentioned. A novel flow-injection system for the determination of formaldehyde has been described.^[2] It is based on a strong enhancement by formaldehyde of the weak emission from the reaction between potassium bromate and rhodamine 6G in sulfuric acid. The method has been applied to determine formaldehyde in the air samples and a possible mechanism has been proposed.

The oxidation reaction between periodate and polyhydroxyl compounds has also been studied.^[3] A strong emission, especially in the presence of carbonate, is observed when the reaction takes place in a strongly alkaline solution (but not in acidic or neutral solution) without any other chemiluminescence reagent. Background and chemiluminescence signals of the sample are enhanced by oxygen and decreased by nitrogen. The chemiluminescence spectrum shows two main bands (at 436-446 nm and 471-478 nm). Based on these, a possible chemiluminescence mechanism has been proposed. Two emitters contribute to the chemiluminescence background, singlet oxygen and carbonate radicals.

The addition of polyhydroxyl compounds or hydrogen peroxide causes enhancement of the chemiluminescence signal. This reaction system has been developed as a flow injection assay for hydrogen peroxide, pyrogallol, and α-thioglycerol. The ions involved in the reaction - periodate, carbonate and hydroxyl - can be immobilized on a strongly basic anion-exchange resin and highly sensitive chemiluminescence flow sensors for each analyte have been assembled.

References

↑ Francis PS, Barnett NW, Lewis SW, et al., Luminescence, 2004, 19(2), 94-115.
↑ Li BX, Liu ML, Zhang ZJ, Xu CL, Anal. Sci., 2003, 19(12), 1643-1646.
↑ Lin J-M and Yamada M, Anal. Chem., 1999, 71(9), 1760-1766.

[1] Francis PS, Barnett NW, Lewis SW, et al., Luminescence, 2004, 19(2), 94-115.

[2] Li BX, Liu ML, Zhang ZJ, Xu CL, Anal. Sci., 2003, 19(12), 1643-1646.

[3] Lin J-M and Yamada M, Anal. Chem., 1999, 71(9), 1760-1766.

[1]

[2]

[3]

月经前有褐色分泌物是什么原因	血清载脂蛋白b偏高是什么意思	植物神经功能紊乱吃什么药	抽血血液偏黑什么原因	胃息肉吃什么药
朝鲜面是什么原料做的	寄生虫长什么样	xl什么牌子	抗着丝点抗体阳性是什么	皮肤晒伤用什么药
斑驳是什么意思	腿上无缘无故出现淤青是什么原因	甲亢吃什么盐好	手心发热是什么原因	厌男症的表现是什么
男生为什么会晨勃	高铁座位为什么没有e	广州和广东有什么区别	苦瓜泡水喝有什么功效	dw是什么牌子

立刀旁与什么有关hcv9jop3ns0r.cn	618是什么星座hcv8jop8ns6r.cn	尿崩症吃什么药最有效hcv9jop6ns9r.cn	梦见男朋友是什么意思hcv8jop8ns4r.cn	左侧卵巢内囊性回声是什么意思hcv7jop6ns4r.cn
小孩长得慢是什么原因jasonfriends.com	扁桃体发炎有什么症状hcv8jop1ns1r.cn	拍大腿内侧有什么好处cj623037.com	怀挺是什么意思inbungee.com	避孕套是什么hcv7jop6ns9r.cn
622是什么星座fenrenren.com	手发抖是什么病的先兆hcv9jop4ns3r.cn	襁褓是什么意思liaochangning.com	阿司匹林什么时候吃最好hcv8jop2ns8r.cn	悲戚是什么意思hcv8jop9ns7r.cn
马蹄粉是什么粉hcv9jop1ns2r.cn	许嵩的粉丝叫什么sanhestory.com	生理期为什么会肚子疼jingluanji.com	爷爷的妈妈叫什么hcv7jop5ns6r.cn	af什么意思hcv9jop0ns0r.cn